The announcement raised new questions about the viability of any future U.S. peace plan. President Donald Trump’s Mideast team, led by his adviser and son in law Jared Kushner, have been working on their plan for about a year and a half but have not said when it will be made public.
The Palestinians accuse the U.S. of being unfairly biased in favor of Israel, citing a series of steps by the White House. Trump has recognized Jerusalem as Israel’s capital over Palestinian objections and last week cut $200 million in development aid to the Palestinians. Friday’s decision cut an additional $300 million to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency, which serves millions of Palestinian refugees and their descendants across the region.
The Palestinians say these steps are aimed at imposing outcomes for two of the most sensitive issues in the conflict — the fate of contested Jerusalem and the plight of Palestinian refugees — without negotiations.
“What is the American administration doing? They are pre-empting, prejudging issues reserved for permanent status,” said Saeb Erekat, the chief Palestinian negotiator.
“They are undermining the moderate forces in Palestine and Israel,” he added. “Those elements that want to achieve peace peacefully based on a two-state solution are being destroyed.” He said extremists across the region had been given “gifts.”
UNRWA was established after the war surrounding Israel’s establishment in 1948 to aid the 700,000 Palestinians who fled or were forced from their homes. Today, it provides education, health care and social services to some 5 million Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, as well as Jordan, Syria and Lebanon. The agency is also a major employer in the Palestinian areas.
The U.S. in recent years has supplied nearly 30 percent of UNRWA’s budget. But early this year, it suspended roughly $300 million in planned assistance, pending a review. Friday’s decision formally cut that money, as well as future assistance to the agency.
In a statement, the U.S. called the agency an “irredeemably flawed operation.” It said the U.S. was no longer willing to pay for a “very disproportionate share” of UNRWA’s costs and criticized what it called the agency’s “fundamental business model and fiscal practices” and its “endlessly and exponentially expanding community of entitled beneficiaries.”
The statement largely echoed Israeli claims that UNRWA perpetuates the conflict by promoting an unrealistic Palestinian demand that refugees have the “right of return” to long-lost homes in what is now Israel. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has said UNRWA should be abolished and its responsibilities taken over by the main U.N. refugee agency.
In Lebanon on Friday, the U.N. refugee agency’s commissioner, Filipo Grandi, ruled out taking on the Palestinian refugee issue. “No! The Palestinians in the region are the responsibility of UNRWA,” he said.
UNRWA’s spokesman, Chris Gunness, said the agency expressed “deep regret and disappointment” with the U.S. decision. He rejected “in the strongest possible terms” the U.S. accusations that its operations are flawed.
“These very programs have a proven track record in creating one of the most successful human development processes and results in the Middle East,” he said.
The European Union, the largest contributor to UNRWA with its member states, urged the U.S. to reconsider its “regrettable decision.” It said it would continue its assistance to the agency and discuss funding alternatives with other partners.
The U.S. budget cuts have already hit UNRWA hard. In an interview with The Associated Press last month, UNRWA’s commissioner, Pierre Kraehenbuehl, said his agency only had enough money to operate its hundreds of schools through the end of September. He said he is planning a major fund-raising campaign to keep operations afloat.
He also rejected Israeli arguments that UNRWA perpetuates the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. He said his agency operates under a mandate approved by the U.N. General Assembly and that the refugee issue must be resolved as part of a broader solution to the overall conflict.
Some in Israel have leveled even tougher criticism, accusing UNRWA of teaching hatred of Israel in its classrooms and tolerating or assisting Hamas, the militant Islamic group that rules Gaza. Kraehenbuehl rejected the accusations, saying his agency is a source of moderation and has condemned attempts by militants to use his facilities for cover.
The Palestinian Authority, led by President Mahmoud Abbas, seeks the establishment of an independent Palestinian state in the West Bank, Gaza Strip and east Jerusalem — areas captured by Israel in the 1967 Mideast war. Israel withdrew from Gaza in 2005 and Hamas, after winning legislative elections, forcibly seized control of the territory from Abbas two years later.
Trump has broken from a string of predecessors and is no longer demanding the establishment of a Palestinian state as part of a peace agreement. Netanyahu, who briefly endorsed the two-state solution during the Obama administration, no longer mentions the idea as a way of resolving the conflict.
The Palestinian Authority, citing what it says is a pro-Israeli bias, broke off contact with the U.S. after the Jerusalem announcement and has said it will not accept the administration’s upcoming peace proposal.
Trump already has said his recognition of Jerusalem was meant to remove the issue from the negotiating table. The Palestinians now fear the U.S. is putting pressure on host countries like Lebanon, Jordan and Syria to absorb their refugee populations and eliminate that issue from future peace negotiations.
Abbas’ spokesman, Nabil Abu Rdeneh, said the U.S. decision “does not serve peace but rather strengthens terrorism in the region” and urged the U.N. to take a “firm stand” against the Americans.
In Gaza, Hamas spokesman Hazem Qassem accused the United States of going after UNRWA to eliminate the Palestinian right to return to their future homes.
“It’s clear that Trump has shifted from taking sides with the Israeli enemy to being a partner in the assault on our Palestinian peoples’ rights,” he said. “All these decisions will not stop our people’s struggle to gain freedom and return.”
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Najib Jobain in Gaza City, Gaza Strip, Immad Isseid in Ramallah, West Bank, and Sarah El Deeb in Beirut contributed to this report.
